Fall of Communism From Different Perspectives Essay -- History Analysi

When a major event takes impersonate in history it is not surprising that many interpretations of these events will arise. As humans we escape to have different feelings and therefore different interpretations, especially on events that impact our lives and society. The fact that our judgments are different does not entail that either of our interpretations are wrong. Rather, it direction that our different judgments can be combined in order to gain a new form of knowledge that envelops various points of view. This is the case with the interpretations of the groundbreaking drib of Communism that took place in eastern European countries in the late 20th century. The book The Magic Lantern is Timothy Garton Ashs interpretation of the Revolutions of 1989 that took place in Warsaw, Budapest, Berlin and Prague. decorous G. Smith offers a similar but distinct contemporary interpretation of the Revolutions of 1989 in her book Europe in the Contemporary World. Lastly, bum K. Glenns Com peting Challengers and Contested Outcomes to State Breakdown offers his opinion about the events that led to a democratic Czechoslovakia.In Ashs account of the fall of collectivism in Warsaw, Poland he focuses on the behind the scenes propositions and decisions that were pondered by organizations such as Polands Solidarity group. Ash had close relationships with the leaders of the Solidarity group. In describing their actions, he calls them his friends on legion(predicate) occasions and even describes instances when he spent durations with individuals such as Jacek Kuron, who was the co-founder of the Workers Defense Committee. Ash reports that he had a drink with Jacek Kuron, who passed the time before his results came in by giving a hilarious account on his first trip t... ...at are not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings. Above all the combination of their work allows us to absorb information that envelops all their points of view which makes for a better understanding of the Revolutions of 1989. I dare label that ultimately that was the main goal of Timothy Garton Ash, Bonnie G. Smith and John K.Glenn.Works CitedGarton, Ash Timothy. The Magic Lantern the Revolution of 89 Witnessed in Warsaw, Budapest, Berlin, and Prague. New York Random House, 1990. Print.Smith, Bonnie G. Europe in the Contemporary World, 1900 to the Present a Narrative History with Documents. Boston Bedford / St. Martins, 2007. Print.Glenn, John K. Competing Challengers and Contested Outcomes to State Breakdown The Velvet Revolution. Social Forces 78.1 (1999) 187-211. JSTOR. Web. 10 Dec. 2010. .

Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau as Fathers of Transcendenta

Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau as Fathers of transcendental philosophyTranscendentalism was a movement in writing that took place in the mid-nineteenth century. It formed in the early to mid nineteenth century and reached it climax around 1850 during an era commonly referred to as the American Renaissance, Americas Golden Day, or the Flowering of New England.The basic tenets of Transcendentalism involve the relationships between ones self and the world at large. First, the search for truth in Transcendentalism begins with the individual. The thoughts of Transcendentalist writers must come from themselves and not from others. They could study previous works for inspiration, but they could not take the ideas of others. Transcendentalist writers have carry out self-reliance in their ideas. Transcendentalism called for literary, philosophical, and theological independence from Europe, earning the Transcendentalist era the label American Renaissance.Next, Transcendenta lism also relates to the rest of the world. It applies individual energies gained through self-reliance to the general good of society. In Transcendentalism, there is no real evil. For every apparent evil there is a true goodness. Because evil is said not to exist, Transcendentalists recall in the perfectibility of man.One well-known Transcendentalist author is Ralph Waldo Emerson. Ralph Waldo Emerson was born in New England in 1803. He entered Harvard Divinity College where he trained to become a priest. However, he later withdrew from the ministry because he did not share the same ideals that were imposed on him by church authority. In 1832, Emerson sailed to Europe to flee the despair he felt after the deaths of his wife and bro... ...using metaphors and rhythms according to his own style. Literature such as Ralph Waldo Emersons Nature and Henry David Thoreaus Walden reflect the tenets of Transcendentalism. They set the foundation for Transcendentalism because Emerso n and Thoreau were the fathers of the literary movement. Both writers searched for truth and the meaning of life on an individual level that fit their feelings. They demonstrated the perfectibility and self-reliance of individuals. For example, Walden tells of Thoreaus two years of reinforcement in the woods relying on himself for food and shelter and trying to simplify his life. He wanted to demonstrate that there was no evil in the easiness of his forest home. Just as Thoreaus Walden demonstrated Thoreaus renewal or refreshing of his own spirit, Transcendentalism was the renewal or rebirth of American Literature.

Analysis of Keats To Autumn Essay -- Keats To Autumn Essays Poetry

Analysis of Keats To Autumn John Keats poem To Autumn is basically an ode to Autumn and the change of seasons. He was app bently inspired by law-abiding nature his detailed description of natural occurrences has a pleasant appeal to the readers senses. Keats as well alludes to a certain unpleasantness connected to Autumn, and links it to a time of death. However, Keats tie-up between stages of Autumn and the process of dying does not take away from the ode upshot of the poem. The three-stanza poem seems to create three distinct stages of Autumn growth, harvest, and death. The theme issue in the first stanza is that Autumn is a season of fulfilling, yet the theme terminate the final stanza is that Autumn is a season of dying. However, by using the stages of Autumns as a metaphor for the process of death, Keats puts the concept of death in a different, more than favorable light. In the first stanza, the growth stanza, Keats appeals to our sense of visualization. The reade r pictures a country setting, such(prenominal) as a cottage with a yard beat of fruit trees and flowers. In his discussion of the effects of Autumn on nature, Keats bright personifies Autumn. A personification is when an object or a concept is presented in such a way as to give life or charitable characteristics to the idea or concept. Not only does Keats speak of Autumn as if it had life, (e.g., in subscriber lines 2 and 3, where he creates a fri checkship between Autumn and the sun, in which they conspire to load and bless the trees with ripe, bountiful fruit), but he also gives disposition to the life-form Autumn. He first defines Autumn as a season of mist over and mellow fruitfulness. The references to both mist and mellow... ...ch as funerals, or recessionals. It is appropriate that this change of tomography into musical imagery in the final stanza because it is not only the end of the poem, but it is the description of the end of Autumn as well (While blockaded clouds bloom the soft-dying twenty-four hours). The use of the word soft in soft-dying day helps to take away the Grim Reaper sense of death and define it as a natural, inevitable occurrence that ends a cycle. The final line and throng swallows twitter in the skies gives the reader a definite sense of ending (the swallows are preparing to migrate for the winter season). At this point, the poem seems to comes to a rest, and this final line creates an effective sense of closure. BibliographyTo Autumn. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York W.W. norton, Inc., 2000. Analysis of Keats To Autumn sample -- Keats To Autumn Essays PoetryAnalysis of Keats To Autumn John Keats poem To Autumn is essentially an ode to Autumn and the change of seasons. He was apparently inspired by observing nature his detailed description of natural occurrences has a pleasant appeal to the readers senses. Keats also alludes to a certain unpleasantness connected t o Autumn, and links it to a time of death. However, Keats association between stages of Autumn and the process of dying does not take away from the ode effect of the poem. The three-stanza poem seems to create three distinct stages of Autumn growth, harvest, and death. The theme going in the first stanza is that Autumn is a season of fulfilling, yet the theme ending the final stanza is that Autumn is a season of dying. However, by using the stages of Autumns as a metaphor for the process of death, Keats puts the concept of death in a different, more favorable light. In the first stanza, the growth stanza, Keats appeals to our sense of visualization. The reader pictures a country setting, such as a cottage with a yard full of fruit trees and flowers. In his discussion of the effects of Autumn on nature, Keats brilliantly personifies Autumn. A personification is when an object or a concept is presented in such a way as to give life or human characteristics to the idea or concept. Not only does Keats speak of Autumn as if it had life, (e.g., in lines 2 and 3, where he creates a friendship between Autumn and the sun, in which they conspire to load and bless the trees with ripe, bountiful fruit), but he also gives personality to the life-form Autumn. He first defines Autumn as a season of mist and mellow fruitfulness. The references to both mist and mellow... ...ch as funerals, or recessionals. It is appropriate that this change of imagery into musical imagery in the final stanza because it is not only the end of the poem, but it is the description of the end of Autumn as well (While barred clouds bloom the soft-dying day). The use of the word soft in soft-dying day helps to take away the Grim Reaper sense of death and define it as a natural, inevitable occurrence that ends a cycle. The final line and gathering swallows twitter in the skies gives the reader a definite sense of ending (the swallows are preparing to migrate for the winter season). At this poi nt, the poem seems to comes to a rest, and this final line creates an effective sense of closure. BibliographyTo Autumn. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York W.W. norton, Inc., 2000.

The Cult Of True Womanhood Essay examples -- essays research papers

The Cult of True Womanhood     The "Cult of True Womanhood" has greatly influenced society throughoutall of Americas history. This set of standards was first accepted and practicedby all of the European colonies. They were then passed through the generationsand, in many cases, appease exist. Ill describe the essay, "The Cult of TrueWomanhood," and discuss my views on it. Ill then illustrate how these standardsare still present in todays society.     First, Ill discuss the essay. Its easiest to describe this essay if Ibegin by defining "The Cult of True Womanhood." As I stated the introduction, itis a set of standards. These principles create and restrain created a strong sectionalization between the genders, and therefore, caused tension. Basically, itstates that men are to work and make money for the family. A womans goal was tofind a husband and have children. Women were also expected to have four maincardinal virtu es - piety, purity, submissiveness, and domestication. Piety is,basically, grace. Women were to expected to always be dainty and lovely. Purityspeaks for itself. Women were expected to stay abstinent until marriage.Submissiveness means that the woman should, at a time married to a man, completelydevote herself to him, carrying out his every wish within her power. One verypowerful sentence in the essay salubrious represents the womans goals and values wellaccording to "The Cul...

We are the Plague, We are the Cure :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

We are the Plague, We are the Cure   Why is it that the fate of our province seems to be in a downward spiral of despair? It seems as if everywhere you turn, you are greeted with grim visages of violence and misery. What is this plague which afflicts our night club and has taken international the innocence and happiness of past generations? Our society is condemned to its current state due to its individualistic desires. If man is the downfall of himself, then is he also the plague of his society?   You might believe that only recently with the advent of the Internet are we pushing ourselves too far, but this is far from the truth. This problem has hung as a shadowiness over society since its origin. In Genesis 3, we are first introduced to this plague on society. As Adam and Eve wandered the Garden of Eden, they were tricked by the serpent into feeding from the Tree of Knowledge. After condemning all three for their disobedience God commented that, the man has now become like one of us, knowing good and evil. (Genesis 322) This plague continues to today. If you think about it, we are all becoming increasingly dependent on technology. In a recent work by bar Joy, this thought really hit home. To think that soon, People wont be able to just turn the machines off, because they entrust be so dependent on them that crook them off would amount to suicide. This is what our dependence will cause, and this dependence is cause by our desire to push ourselves harder than is necessary. (Joy 2) As you can see this problem began when society did, and will not end until society does also.   Technology and history are not the only fields in which societys plague are present, however. Recently, it seems as if every sequence you open the newspaper you are greeted with a declaration of breaking news on the Presidential election. For hundreds of years, this process seemed so simple. Of course, there were times wh en societys little evil would stand out up and try to do damage.

Are Genetics Responsible for Allergies? :: Biology Essays Research Papers

Are Genetics Responsible for Allergies? A Study In Identical TwinsEvery hotshot has any suffered from some kind of allergy, or knows somebody who has suffered from allergies. Allergies are the generator of irritating symptoms, ranging from a painless skin rash to life-threatening breathing problems. For years, researchers have been trying to find out the source of these allergies. Some have suggested that environmental factors or early exposure to certain foods roll in the hay cause allergies later in life, while others say that allergies are caused by transmissibles. To test the latter theory, many researchers study akin agree to see if sets of twins share allergies. If both twins were to share a particular allergy, than this may prove that allergies are genetic.To completely understand the remainder of this essay, one must understand the difference between identical twins and brotherly twins. Twin zygosity is the genetic relationship of twins. There are two types of twins mo nozygotic twins, also known as identical twins, and dizygotic twins, also known as brotherly twins. Identical twins have exactly identical DNA strands they are same sex and they have very similar physical traits. They come from one egg that is fertilized by one sperm. Some time after conception, the egg splits resulting in two babies. Fraternal twins only have half identical DNA that is, only one strand of the double-stranded DNA is the same. They come from two individual eggs that are fertilized by two individual sperms. They are either same sex or different sex, and are just like siblings of same parents born at different times. There are other kinds of twins as well for example, mirror-image twins, polar body twins, and half-identical twins. These names refer to the time that the egg splits in identical twins. This essay, however, will deal with only identical and fraternal twins (5). The question now is, Are identical twins allergic to the same things? Since identical twins have exactly identical DNA, the sharing of allergies can shed some light on the role of genetics in allergies. All sorts of food allergies affect eight percent of children and two percent of adults in the United States. Allergic reactions happen because ones immune system overreacts to regular foods that are ordinarily harmless to the general population (7). An allergy affecting many children and adults late in the United States is an allergy to peanuts. In the last few years, tremendous amounts of people have developed this allergy, which seems, in most cases, to be very severe.

Article and Game Essay

Jenna Winckler had eight kills to pace Andes Central in its 3-1 victory over Bridgewater-Emery Monday night. The Eagles win by make headway of 15-25, 25-7, 25-20, and 25-15. Amy Chykta had four service aces and 10 set assists, and Danielle Walder had 13 digs for Andes Central. Jessie VanLeur led the Huskies with five service aces, seven kills, and three blocks. Robbie Letcher had nine kills, and Kayla Olinger paced the defense with 16 digs. The Eagles atomic number 18 straight off 4-7 and host Scotland today. Bridgewater-Emery is 2-3 and hosts Freeman this evening in Emery.Andes Centrals junior varsity also won its match over the Huskies by scores of 25-17 and 15-15. You may deprivation to use the above bind as a guideline for future volley roll stories. Notice that the leading cropers kills, service aces, set assists, and blocks be mentioned. Since our paper comes out only once a month, we wont worry near the adjacent game or the record because these probably wouldnt be accurate by the succession mickle read the paper. Below are nigh action verbs that aloneow make your sports headlines and phrases livelier SmashScoreS projectEarn TrounceFly byBattle withSqueak Past PulverizeSoar AboveSlide byBlast.TrampleSail PastSneak PastShatter Write 10 synonyms for the word beat that could be used in the following headline Eagles Beat the Hawks. Write 3 bust versions of the following sentence Jenna had 11 rebounds, Chrissie had 9, and Casandra had 7. Strive for unafraid, vivid address and variety. * * * Write 3 better versions of the following sentence Derrick had 22 points, Colter had 21 points, and Colten had 20 points. Strive for strong, vivid words and variety. * * * Write 3 better versions of the following sentence The Eagles scattered to the Hawks. (Feel free to change the subject order, if desired.Hopefully, we will never need to use one of these sentences, but if we do, we indispensability to be as tactful as affirmable. ) * * * military is sue the typical order of how features are scripted in a sports article. Which should come graduation, second, etc. (Hint The date should never be first ) _____ when _____ who_____ what _____ coachs comments _____ where_____ how_____ wherefore Sports Article Temp new-made http//www. weeklyreader. com/pdfs/sportsunit. pdf Before you stub successfully write a sports article, you must be able to dissect one. Select a short article that interests you from the sports section of your local newspaper.Read it carefully and label it using the following categories. Label Definition/Example LEAD The lead of a sports article is seminal and interesting. It grabs the readers attention by describing a scene, introducing a thespian, or using a adduce. It should transport you to the game. Example A heavy hush blanketed Fenway commonalty in capital of Massachusetts. The fans in the packed stadium stood silently, shoulder to shoulder under a charcoal-gray sky, as Manny Ramirez, the home bring hitting rubicund Sox outfielder, stepped up to the plate. There were both outs and two men on base. The Sox were losing by one run.NUT The nut of a sports article is the carve up that summarizes the main conflict and story. It is the invest for vital in figure of speechation that doesnt appear in the first paragraphand if a reader wanted to s crystalise reading at this point, they should walk away with all the necessary answers. Example This was the last game of the 2003 Ameri basin League Championship Series mingled with the Boston Red Sox and their archrival, the New York Yankees. Not since 1918 had the Red Sox advanced to the World Seriesand fans were watching with bated breath to see whether the curse would be broken. This was not to be.INFORMATIONThe body of a sports article sounds like a real news (Who, What, When,article. It includes complete information and details Where, Why, How)about a game, in logical order. Example Who was the star player? How did the game end? Wh at was the final play? The winning score? CONCLUSION The conclusion lets the reader know what will happen as a result of the events described. It does so in a fictive and interesting way. Example Everyone was surprised when the ballock landed in Bernie Williamss glove. A collective groan rose up from the Red Sox fans. Their squad had lost. The Yankees had won again.How to Write a Game Story Writing Your Game Story http//www. joomple. com/how-to-write- luxuriously- school day-game-story. htm The information presented here explains how to write a basic high school (or other) sports article. You can apply this information to make-up game stories, articles, or other general news about your high school sports team. Last nights game, next weeks signings (athletes confirming their intentions to attend a certain college), upcoming rivalries, or other general, newsworthy pieces can be directed on Joomple. soaring school game stories are easy to write, once you get the hang of it.Basica lly, a high school sports game story has an opening and closing paragraph with the body of the story in between. Ill show you how to do this in a minute. But first . . . An burning(prenominal) fall a fate of slap-up journalism is to guarantee there is no slant towards one team. In other words, if you are from one school which is playing other, try not to focus on your school as the best team. Be fair to each(prenominal) schools team. If your team pounds the rivalry, you can mention that. But, if your team is pounded by the rivalry, mention that. ripe be fair and impartial. Dont use terms like we or they.Again, this indicates your ownership to one of the teams. we were mess 14-0 is not a good statement. The Eagles were down 14-0 is the best method. Opening The opening paragraph should identify the who, what, when, where, and how of the event. Everyone knows the why each team wants to win So, generally there is no why in high school (or other) sports articles. The opening par agraph should be no longer than a couple of sentences three at most. Preferably, one sentence will do the job. on with the ennoble, the initial paragraph will grab your readers attention, devising them want to read to a greater extent.It needs to include the townspeople or city (in caps) and the date. (WE WONT occasion THEIR STYLE FOR THIS PART. ) Here is an example AUTAUGAVILLE August 26, 2007 Junior RB Mike Smith rushed for 186 yards and scored three TDs to help Akron defeat Autaugaville 38-14 in tonights high school football season opener at James Memorial Stadium. You can see that I meet the recite of the town and date listed first in this format AUTAUGAVILLE August 26, 2007 Next, I chose to identify one of the games star players, Smith, emphasizing his accomplishments. I also set the two teams, final score, and name of the stadium.Notice that I also mentioned it was a football game. This is important for several reasons. Primarily, your readers may not realize you ar e referring to a football game. Obviously, you cant score TDs whateverwhere else But, all of your articles should indicate the sport played during the opening paragraph. Your opening can start in myriad ways. Here is slightly other example, focusing on the teams/mascots AUTAUGAVILLE August 26, 2007 Akron piled up more than 600 yards in list offense and held Autaugaville to less than 50 as the Rams demolished the Eagles 38-0 in tonights football opener at James Memorial Stadium.Notice how I mentioned the names and mascots, though peppered throughout the sentence. Either of these two could work as an opening paragraph even if they are reasonable one sentence long. Others will work well. It just takes practice. The important thing to look upon is you need to immediately grab the readers attention. You can do that by identifying who played (Akron and Autaugaville), what they were playing (high school football) and what the outcome was (38-0), when it happened (August 26, 2007 a nd/or tonights), where it happened (James Memorial Stadium), and how (Akron piled up 600 yards).Body The body of your game story will outline important parts of the game, significant accomplishments of players (including more about the star player you mentioned in your opening), and other game proper(postnominal) information. Include scoring performances, plays, drives, stats, goals, shooting/hitting/batting/rushing percentages, and other game data. Also, wear downt flutter to build the setting for the game. Include the number of fans in attendance, temperature, weather, etc. Here is an example More than 5,000 Autaugaville fans welcomed the Rams to the historic 50th meeting between the two teams.With the temperature at a chilly 48 degrees at kickoff, the packed stadium came alive when the teams took the neatly manicured field. Akron opened the game with a 6-minute, 9-play, 68-yard drive resulting in a Rams touchdown. pickings the ball at the Akron 32-yard line, Rams senior QB Wil liam Braxter completed 5 of 5 passes, moving the ball to the Eagles 44. Then Smith pounded Autaugavilles defense on three runs, and the Rams were inaugural and goal at the 8-yard line. Braxter indeed found junior WR Dale McDonald at the corner of the end zone for the score. Kicker Daniel Washburnes PAT put Akron up 7-0.Forcing the Eagles to punt late in the first withdraw, Akrons Smith broke free for an 81-yard TD run on the Rams second play from scrimmage. Washburnes kick was good, making it a 14-0 ball game. Autaugaville scored late in the half when junior DE Billy Stewart sacked Akrons Braxter, forcing a fumble. Team equalise senior Safety dull Wilson snatched the loose ball and returned it for 56 yards and the score. Senior kicker Dallas Petrowskis kick split the uprights to bring the Eagles within 7. Akrons Smith rushed for 144 yards on 8 carries during the first half, temporary hookup team mate QB Braxter was near perfect completing 12 of 13 pass for 345 yards.The Eagles were held to just 15 yards rushing and 27 yards going away in the first half. We quickly discovered their unessential was easy to penetrate, said Akrons Braxter after the game. I kept finding my receivers open and of course, took advantage of that. Akron scored on three measure during the third quarter, including two coming from the defense. Junior LB Michael Devree intercepted an Eagles pass at the Rams 12-yard line, returning it 88 yards for a touchdown early in the quarter, spell team mate senior DE Jake Alexander returned a kick 90 yards for the score.Up 28-7, Akrons Braxter needed just two plays to capitalize on another Autaugaville three and out. later on completing a 76-yard pass to Smith, Braxter threaded one to WR Tim BeQuilliard in the end zone as time expired on the third-quarter clock. Washburne bore the PAT and the Rams were now ahead by 4 scores. You can continue the game, diligence each score and mentioning important plays. There are several backbone features of a good sports article Stats. When you are finished with the body of your article, go back and pepper as many stats as possible throughout your article.Youll likely have total yards for quarterbacks, running backs, and wide receivers. In baseball and softball, youll want to include the top two or three batters and their runs, hits, etc. , as well as fling strikeouts, ERAs, etc. In volleyball, you want kills. In soccer, you clearly will need goals scored. In basketball, youll want field goals for the top few players. These are just a few of the types of stats you should be looking for while at the game. Like I said, you can get a lot of these from the press box. And, if you are in or near the press box, your job will be that much easier.You may also be able to get this information from interested fans (moms and dads sometimes keep stats at baseball games, for example). Better yet, you should try to keep track of it yourself, where possible. In football, typography down play-by- play accounts of the game will give you everything you need in regards to stats. But, you have to make sure you have rosters for each team. This will permit you to use a term like A-13 for Akrons QB Braxter, instead of having to write his name each time. Plays. Every scoring drive should be covered. If you are paternity a basketball, volleyball, or other back and forth sport, this may not be possible.But, try to mention important parts of the game. Abbreviate where appropriate. Use TD when including stats in your sentence. Use touchdown when discussing general scoring information. Use DE, TB, QB, etc. instead of defensive end, tailback, quarter back, etc. Watch for redundancy. Use this The Rams did this . . . putting Akron up 38-14, instead of The Rams did this . . . putting the Rams up . . . Also, once you describe the players class, position and name (senior QB William Braxter, for example), dont use this whole description again. Instead, use his last name (Braxter), or his team and name (Akrons Braxter).When finished writing, you should check your article for this specific redundancy. Notice how in the first paragraph of the body (above) I used the name Smith instead of Junior RB Mike Smith (which is part of one of the opening paragraphs I may use). If I were to use an opening paragraph like the second example above, where Smith is not even mentioned, then I would want to include his full description (team, class, position, and name) in the first paragraph of the body text. Pepper quotes from your post-game interviews throughout the game story dont just put them all at the end of the articles body.For example, the following quote from an interview with the Akron quarterback was placed just after a mention of his first-half stats We quickly discovered their secondary was easy to penetrate, said Akrons QB Braxter after the game. I kept finding my receivers open and of course, took advantage of that. This quote heed Braxters stats and helps break up the monotony of the article. Use proper quote etiquette. Notice how I placed the quote symbols () around the opening statement by Braxter above?The comma separating the opening statement from said Akrons QB Braxter after the game.is always placed inside the quote ( penetrate,). Then, use quotations around the second part of the quote I kept finding advantage of that. Breaking up a quote in this manner makes for good reading, as opposed to writing down everything the person said and then ending it with advantage of that, said Braxter after the game. or beginning it with Braxter said after the game, We quickly discovered their secondary was easy to penetrate. I kept finding my receivers open and of course, took advantage of that. So I always looked for the middle of the field on laissez passer plays that were covered well.It worked for us in the first half, so I kept targeting the secondary during the second half. All in all, it was a successful strategy for us . . . The above quote is too long and somewhat gloating. Break it up with leading text such as said Akrons QB Braxter after the game. Clean up quotes. If a 10-grade defensive end uses poor judgment in the words he chooses, you may not want to include that part of the quote. And, dont quaver to use filler text where you know it is appropriate.For example, if someone states we knew we had it after thatthen readers may not know what that person is saying. You would emplace something like this in your quote we knew we had it (won the game) after that Additional items you can include in your game stories Complete stats. Provide a list of known stats at the end of your article. If you have your digital camera, just take a snap shot of the stat sheets for both teams. At football games, there will most likely be someone from each team in the press box, calculating their stats. Ask them if you can make a quick photo of them when they are finished. Or, write them down. Game Summary. Youve seen these. They are basically outlines of the games scores. For example FIRST QUARTER 208 Rams Braxter 8-yard pass to McDonald. Washburne PAT 001 Rams Smith 81-yard run. Washburne PAT Etc . . . . . . . . Photographs. Usually, one of your best shots goes at the top of the article. You can put additional photos throughout the article. You can also post photographs in the Joomple gallery. Video. If you want to upload a video clip (or several clips), that is possible as well. Closing The closing paragraph should include each teams records (overall and gathering/league), and who they will play next.Heres an example Akron (1-0/0-0) travels to capital of Alabama to face the Knights next Friday, while the Eagles (0-1/0-0) will host Hoover at James Memorial Stadium. The bracket (0-1/0-0) represents the teams overall record and conference/league record. You can add additional comments about each of the teams Akron and Autaugaville will play if you have that information. Also, do hesitate to ment ion if either of the games will be played on a special night (such as homecoming). This helps draw out the fans, which improve ticket sales for the school as well as increase support for the teams.If either of the teams are ranked in the state polls, or are leading their particular conference or league, mention that in your article. If it is a county or cross-county rivalry game, indicate this as well. Perhaps this is a unique meeting between the two teams (such as the first, 50, or 100th time the teams have played each other), you should talk about that. Discuss their records vs. each other (i. e. Akron is 43-7 versus the Eagles . . . or Autaugaville has won the last 12 meetings . . . ) Opinionated information can also go in the closing.In other words, if you want to mention your views for how the conference or league is shaping up, do so. If you want to talk about a particular players stats, go ahead. Talk about each teams performances. Discuss strategies for upcoming games. You c an write about anything you want here so long as it relates to the game, teams, etc. Choosing a Title Now that you have finished your game story, you will want to narrow down a title. A title should include a quick statement about the game. It should be no more than 5 or 6 words and contain eye-catching information. Heres one RAMS upgradeIts simple and easy to read. Of course, it doesnt explain who the team beat. This type of title should be reserved for games where everyone knows what you are talking about. For example, if it is a major game such as a conference or state championship, this will work. But, if it is a steadfast season game, use something like this AKRON POUNDS EAGLES This indicates Akron defeated Autaugaville (most, but not all, of your fans will know the Eagles are the Autaugaville Eagles). Something like this is clearer AKRON POUNDS AUTAUGAVILLE However, it does little to indicate which sports you are talking about.If you want to make it even clearer, use AKRON POUNDS AUTAUGAVILLE 38-14 The score helps readers understand immediately that you are talking about football. Fans know that it is football season, and tennis or soccer scores dont relate. Notice how I used the term pounds. Think about this. In the wild, a ram may pound his head against another ram. Using complimenting verbs is better than the boring terms defeated or beat or won or lost. Since the Rams did defeat Autaugaville Eagles, you could also compliment your verb towards the Autaugaville team. such as AKRON GROUNDS AUTAUGAVILLE Its a bird we are talking about here, so the verb grounds works well. Here are several others LIONS split . . . GIANTS STOMP . . . ROCKETS DESTROY . . . JETS DESTROY . . . TROJANS OVERWHELM . . . Or ROCKETS SHOOT DOWN JETS . . . MOUNTAINEERS DESADDLE WARRIORS . . . LIONS SILENCED BY INDIANS . . . The idea is to try to come up with a title that is clear, concise, and exciting. Look to imitate common phrases from T. V. Commercials or local or national idioms (sayings). You can even use something from Hollywood Movies . . . just use your imagination.Otherwise, just post the teams and results . . . like Patriots Defeat Lions 45-13. A subtitle could be used if you prefer. Usually, a players or teams stats or game accomplishments go here. For example AKRON DOWNS EAGLES IN SEASON OPENER (Title) Rams Collect 600 Yards Total Offense (Sub-title) You can also use milestones (important achievements) of teams and/or players BEARCATS MAUL PATRIOTS IN BIG WIN (Title) QB Braxter Surpasses 8,000 Yards (Sub-title) When you put all this together, you get something like this AKRON DOWNS EAGLES IN SEASON OPENER.Rams Collect 600 Yards Total Offense Photo Akrons Smith breaks through for a 45-yard run in the third. Photo by Phil Smith AUTAUGAVILLE August 26, 2007 Junior RB Mike Smith rushed for 186 yards and scored three TDs to help Akron defeat Autaugaville 38-14 in tonights high school football season opener at James Memorial Stadium. More than 5, 000 Autaugaville fans welcomed the Rams to the historic 50th meeting between the two teams. With the temperature at a chilly 48 degrees at kickoff, the packed stadium came alive when the teams took the neatly manicured field.Akron opened the game with a 6-minute, 9-play, 68-yard drive resulting in a Rams touchdown. Taking the ball at the Akron 32-yard line, Rams senior QB William Braxter completed 5 of 5 passes, moving the ball to the Eagles 44. Then Smith pounded Autaugavilles defense on three runs, and the Rams were 1st and goal at the 8-yard line. Braxter then found junior WR Dale McDonald at the corner of the end zone for the score. Kicker Daniel Washburnes PAT put Akron up 7-0. Forcing the Eagles to punt late in the first quarter, Akrons Smith broke free for an 81-yard TD run on the Rams second play from scrimmage.Washburnes kick was good, making it a 14-0 ball game. Autaugaville scored late in the half when junior DE Billy Stewart sacked Akrons Braxter, forcing a fumble. Team mate senior Safety Matt Wilson snatched the loose ball and returned it for 56 yards and the score. Senior kicker Dallas Petrowskis kick split the uprights to bring the Eagles within 7. Akrons Smith rushed for 144 yards on 8 carries during the first half, while team mate QB Braxter was near perfect completing 12 of 13 pass for 345 yards. The Eagles were held to just 15 yards rushing and 27 yards passing in the first half.We quickly discovered their secondary was easy to penetrate, said Akrons Braxter after the game. I kept finding my receivers open and of course, took advantage of that. Akron scored on three times during the third quarter, including two coming from the defense. Junior LB Michael Devree intercepted an Eagles pass at the Rams 12-yard line, returning it 88 yards for a touchdown early in the quarter, while team mate senior DE Jake Alexander returned a punt 90 yards for the score. Up 28-7, Akrons Braxter needed just two plays to capitalize on another Autaugaville three a nd out.After completing a 76-yard pass to Smith, Braxter threaded one to WR Tim BeQuilliard in the end zone as time expired on the third-quarter clock. Washburne drilled the PAT and the Rams were now ahead by 4 scores. The eagles scored their final TD late in the game when senior QB Danny Jacobs connected with Wilson from 16 yards out. Akron responded with a 65-yard drive resulting in a Washburne 35-yard field goal. Final score was 38-14, Akron. Akron (1-0/0-0) travels to Montgomery to face the Knights next Friday, while the Eagles (0-1/0-0) will host Hoover at James Memorial Stadium. score SUMMARY.FIRST QUARTER 208 Rams Braxter 8-yard pass to McDonald. Washburne PAT 001 Rams Smith 81-yard run. Washburne PAT SECOND QUARTER 422 Eagles Wilson 56-yard fumble return. Petrowski PAT terzetto QUARTER 656 Rams Devree 88-yard interception return. Washburne PAT 514 Rams Alexander 90-yard punt return. Washburne PAT 001 Rams Braxter 8-yard pass to Bequilliard. Washburne PAT FOURTH QUARTER 356 Eagles Jacobs 16-yard pass to Wilson. Petrowski PAT 115 Rams Washburne 35-yard field goal Mind you, this is just an example and doesnt include every option you have at your disposal.Use your discretion. News writing how to write a sports report in 4 steps http//www. amazines. com/article_detail. cfm/232021? articleid=232021&title=news%2Cwriting%2Chow%2Cto%2Cwrite%2Clike%2Ca%2Cjournalist%2Csports%2Cwriting by Nazvi Careem News writing style is just as important for sports reporting as it is for general news, business stories or any other journalistic work. The advantage of sports writing is that you are allowed a little it more leeway in your choice of words.In crime or business writing, you are restricted in your use of adjectives and adverbs and are encouraged to focus more on nouns and verbs. Sports writing, however, allows you to go to town in describing plays, the atmosphere, fans and other colorful aspects of a sporting event. For this article, we will g o through, step by step, how to write a straightforward sports report using quotes. Ideally, any sports story would have quotes from the winners and losers. Indeed, many sports articles are written around what athletes say rather than what they have achieved on the field of play. However, you also have sports articles written without quotes. When rookies learn how to write like a journalist, especially in sport, they are likely to come crosswise the structure that we will show you here. We will adapt the NBA game between Boston Celtics and Cleveland Cavaliers on April 1 as our example article. 1. Intro the most important news aspect of a sports game is the score. Who won? How did they win and what effect did the victory have? Also important is whether we are writing from a Boston perspective or Cleveland. In this case, we will go with Cleveland. Cleveland Cavaliers lost 98-96 to the Boston Celtics after Delonte Wests sank two free throws in the final seconds, move three and a half games behind the Pistons for the best record in the Eastern Conference. 2. More info The above is enough for those who have a passing interest in the sport. However, NBA fans would want more information and you could give it to them in one or two paragraphs. The Cavaliers were without star player LeBron James, suffering from a knee joint injury, while the Celtics were minus Paul Pierce. Gerald Green led the way for Celtics with 25 points while Kendrick Perkins had 12 points and nine rebounds. The Cavaliers, for whom Larry Hughes scored 24 with Sasha Pavlovic scoring 17, have already fitting for the play-offs while Boston are out of the running. 3. Quote This is where you can provide a quote from the coach or a key player from both teams. You can precede each saying with a lead-in paragraph or go straight into the quote. Celtic forward Al Jefferson, said They were lose their best player and we were missing our best play. We just stuck in there. Cavs coach Mike Bro wn said James absence was a key actor in their loss. We miss LeBron.We miss LeBron every time he doesnt play. Hes our guy, said Brown. 4. The rest Once you got the main information and key quotes out of the way, you can go on to describe the game. Even better would be to describe just one or two plays and include more quotes. The thinking behind sports articles is that people would have watched the game on TV anyway and would not want boring game description. Therefore, quotes from the people who matter, such as athletes and coaches, would offer better reading value. There are many types of sports news writing that is offered around the world everyday.We have merely showed you its simplest form. Certainly, it is a rewarding form of news writing for journalists who love their sport. And the structure they use allow them to adapt their skills to any type of journalism writing. Nazvi Careem is an experienced journalist, writer and writing coach who has written for newspapers, magazines and global news agencies such as Reuters, Associated Press and Agence France-Presse. To download a free chapter of his book on news writing secrets, check out his website sacred to the art of news writing. View more articles from Nazvi Careem This article is provided by Amazines. com The ULTIMATE Article Database . How To Write a Sports Article http//www. howtodothings. com/node/3374/print By Beth Danesco February 24, 2007 email ARTICLE PRINT ARTICLE Before the age of ESPN, the Internet, and instant replay, it was the reporter in the stands writing up the game for the local paper, and, okay, also the guy covering it live on radio, who made fans feel like they were right there, cheering on their favorite team, game after game.If youre interested in writing a sports article, you will utilize general journalism tricks of the trade and also some specific sportswriting techniques. 1. Have a strong lead. Like any article, you want to start your sports article out with a s trong lead, one that encapsulates the available information on who, what, where, when, why and how. Look at sports articles in almost any paper to see how they introduce the game or event they are covering with their lead paragraph. They get the readers attention with a strong but concise summary of the story to follow.Also, note that a lead always places emphasis on an important or interesting aspect of the story. For instance, a specific Boston Celtics loss may, in itself, not be as significant or interesting as the fact it is the fifteenth loss the team experienced in a row. The article would tell the story of the game, but the lead would introduce the game with the most important or interesting fact about it, that its continuing a horrible streak, and would expand on that fact in the article. 2. Write clearly and concisely.If youve ever read Sports Illustrated, you know that some sports articles can be what you might call literary non-fiction lengthy, poetic, filled with metaph or and digressions into back story. If your particular assignment requires that kind of writing, go for it. But if you read the fooling sports section of your city paper, you will also notice that most sports articles reporting on the sporting events of the past day are concisely written. Yes, sports articles include stage setting and metaphor and technical sports terms, but theyre also to-the-point and generally stick to basic vocabulary. 3. Know the context.Like any news article, a sports article will require you to have a basic working knowledge of the universe on which youre reporting. This may mean not only knowing all about the current players, coaches and standings but knowing some history, as well. This may be common knowledge to you, but if not, you may need to do some research. You will also need to know about the sport itself including rules, history, league standings, current controversies and other information. You may already know much of this if youre a sports enthu siastbut be aware that a journalist may need more in-depth knowledge than a casual fan.

MG420 DLC Labor Relations Essay

1. Define the term collective negociate and list and describe four issues that be mandatory components of a collective conduct parallelism. Efficiency, truth, and voice, these are the ternion primary objectives of drive relations, of employees, and even of some management employees. Workers mootm to lean more towards equity and voice at the oeuvre, while management usually prefers efficiency. The complicated part is attempting to balance all trio for an overall idyllic medium at the figure outplace for both employers and employees. One of the most encouraging guidelines that should be taken in attaining this balancing act would be through collective negotiate. Collective excludegain is a crop of negotiating an agreement regarding the terms and conditions of trading through a system of shared responsibility and decision-making between lying-in and management (Budd 11-12).During a collective talk terms period, actors representatives approach the employer and attempt to negotiate a cartel which both sides dissolve agree upon, terms can typically be about wages, hours, promotions, benefits, and former(a) employment components as well as parts for handling disputes arising under it. An example that can better explain the importance of a collective bargaining is in an name called Teachers man and wife sues Middleton- hide Plains school district, (http//host.madison.com/ newsworthiness/local/education/local_schools/teachers- coupler-sues-middleton-cross-plains-school-district/ name_d169fd40-5996-11e0-9c87-001cc4c03286.html), the author discusses how the totality representing teachers in the Middleton-Cross Plains School District sued the district Monday over their collective bargaining negotiations.According to the complaint filed in Dane County Circuit Court, the wedlock said the district bargained in bad faith and proposed non-negotiable contract changes including removal of entirely cause for learn and acquittance, total district discr etion of workhours, elimi democracy of seniority protections, elimination of f personal credit line share articulation dues, modifications/freezes on wage schedules and elimination of compensatory time off. The union also objected to the district proposal that the School Board be the final step in the grievance procedure as opposed to having a third-party arbitrator as the current agreement states (Kittner, 2011). In this article, we see how the teachers union could not effectively negotiate an agreement regarding the terms and conditions of employment with the Cross Plain school district and had to sue for a good-faith collective bargaining agreement. According to our textbook, four issues that are mandatory components of a collective bargaining agreement are as follow (Budd 11-12) CompensationWages and benefitsVacations and holidaysShift premiumsProfit sharingEmployee Rights and responsibilitiesSeniority rightsJob standardsWorkplace rulesEmployer rights and responsibilities caut ion rights only when cause qualify and dischargeSubcontracting and safety standardDispute resolution and ongoing decision makingGrievance proceduresCommittees and consultationRenegotiation proceduresThe two mandatory components of a collective bargaining agreement I would interchangeable to discuss in more detail are employee rights and grievance procedures. According to our textbook one of the four types of employees rights frequently allow in union contract is just cause discipline and discharge, an employee can be disciplined and discharged only for cause or just cause. As such, employees have the right to insist there be valid, telephone circuit-related for reasons for discipline and dismissal (Budd 310).In anarticle called Is Poor Performance Just pillow slip for Discharge?, provides a good example of employees rights just cause discipline and discharge. The article discusses how the Indiana Court of Appeals ruled in favor of an employer who had discharged an employee for little performance. The court ruled that the employees poor performance constituted a breach of duty reasonably owed the employer which is one of the seven reasons that constitute just cause for discharge under Indiana virtue and contracts (Lyman, 2012). The article also discusses how employer tried to improve the employees behavior. The employees supervisors repeatedly discussed with employee the mistakesbut the mistakes would happen over, and over, and over again. Co-workers had continuing problems with the employee where she would always rap music others for her problems. Despite counseling on multiple occasions, she showed no improvement (Lyman, 2012).The second mandatory component of a collective bargaining agreement I would like to discuss, is grievance procedures. According to our textbook, a grievance is generally defined as a claim by an employee that he or she is adversely affected by the misinterpretation or misapplication of a written company policy or collectively b argained agreement. To address grievances, employers typically implement a grievance procedure (Budd 321). Most collective bargaining agreements include procedures for filing and resolving grievances. An article from the Daily Freeman News called Saugerties school board wants grievance discussion with teachers union instead of arbitration (http//www.dailyfreeman.com/general-news/20140215/saugerties-school-board-wants-grievance-discussion-with-teachers-union-instead-of-arbitration), discusses a grievance raised during a Board of Education meeting which involves a guidance counselor in the junior soaring school who has 329 students, which exceeds the 250 maximum student load.The union, in filing its grievance, asked that the student load be reduced and the counselor receive additional devote for the period in which it exceeded 250 (Zangla, 2014). Within a union environment, the actes will typically involve the employee, union representatives and members of the employers management team. The article goes into detail how they will be meeting and distort to avoid arbitration. Board President George Heidcamp said trustees want to resolvethe grievance with the teachers union without going to arbitration, which could cost taxpayers $10,000 or more (Zangla, 2014). In summary, collective bargaining centers on the basic components of the system where employees, employers and union members meet in order to find what works best and find a solution.A key commemorate to successful collective bargaining is the state of affairs and persons who are entrusted to negotiate should have the traits of patience, trustworthiness, friendliness, integrity, and fairness. Collective bargaining through its mandatory components have enabled many unions and labor party management to either agree or take the next steps in trying to get a fair and profitable agreement for both parties.Works CitedBudd, John W. Labor relations Striking a Balance. New York, NY McGraw-Hill, 2013. Print. Kitt ner, Gena. Teachers union sues Middleton-Cross Plains school district. 28 Mar 2011. Web. 19 Apr 2014. . Lyman, Stephen W. Is Poor Performance Just Cause for Discharge? 31 Aug 2012. Web. 19 Apr 2014. . Zangla, Ariel. Saugerties school board wants grievance discussion with teachers union instead of arbitration. 15 Feb 2014. Web. 19 Apr 2014. .2. List and discuss three U.S. laws that patronage collective bargaining, and three examples of employer unfair labor practices.We have learned that collective bargaining is the negotiations involving the representatives of labor and management for terms and conditions of employment that will yield to the employee. It is also important to understand labor laws that support collective bargaining that protect union activity to balance efficiency, equity and voice. According to our textbook, the three U.S. laws that support collective bargaining between labor and management, are the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (The Wagner Act), the Labor charge Relations Act of 1947 (The Taft-Hartley Act), and Labor Management Reporting and revealing Act of 1959 (The Landrum- Griffin Act) (Budd 109).The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) of 1935, also cognize as the Wagner Act builds upon previous legislative attempts to instigate and protect workers abilities to unionize in the private sector if they so choose. It guarantees the right of employees to mug up and bargain collectively withtheir employers, and to engage in other protected organise activity. Employees covered by the Act are also protected from certain types of employer and union misconduct. (Budd 119). In an interesting Wall Street Journal article called Volkswagens Union Gamble (http//www.no2uaw.com/vws-gamble.html), provides a good example of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) at work. The article discusses how Volkswagen and the United Auto Workers union are trying to get workers from Chattanooga, TN plant to vote on unionizing.According to the article, Vo lkswagen workers in Chattanooga are right to vote this week on whether to become the first foreign-owned unionized auto plant in the the Statesn South. The United Auto Workers union desperately needs the victory and is getting help from the National Labor Relations Board and even from Volkswagen, which whitethorn come to regret selling out their workers to the union (WSJ, 2014). The editorial also goes into detail how the UAW tried to sidestep a secret-ballot preference via a dubious card check. There logic for this was due to the fact that the Wagner Act allows a union to be certified if a majority of workers sign of the zodiac authorization cards and an employer acquiesces. Unfortunately, the workers argue that non-union plants have lower production costs, more workforce flexibility and less labor strife.They also argue Volkswagens un-neutral neutrality agreement with the UAW is arguably a violation of Taft-Hartleys prohibition on employers giving a thing of value to a union seeking to organize its employees and filed charges with the NLRB alleging that the UAW had lied to workers and bullied them into signing cards (WSJ, 2014). The debate about Volkswagens violation of the Taft-Hartley Act is ongoing and it takes us to our second U.S. laws that support collective bargaining.The Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, which is also known as the Taft-Hartley Act amends and adds to the Wagner Act in diverse and far-reaching ways and can be divided into three categories, Restrictions on union actions, Enhanced rights of individuals and employers, and New dispute resolution procedures (Budd 128). The purpose and policy of the Taft-Hartley Act was to prescribe the legitimate rights of both employees and employers, to provide orderly and halcyon procedures for preventing the interference by either with the legitimate right of the other, to protectthe rights of individual employees in their relations with labor organizations and to protect the rights of the p ublic in connection with labor disputes affecting commerce (Budd 127).The act also empowers the U.S. president to petition a court to suspend a knockout deemed a national security cudgel (Budd 128). In an article from the New York Times called Dockworkers Strike Threatens to Close the East Coast Ports (http//www.nytimes.com/2012/12/27/business/dockworkers-strike-threatens-to-close-east-coast-ports.html?_r=0), discusses how dockworkers are flexing their muscles again, threatening a strike that would shut seaports from Massachusetts to Texas. It would be the first such coast wide strike since a two month walkout in 1977 that paralyzed the flow of tens of measuringions of dollars of imports and the nations retailers and other businesses fear a painful replay if the 14,500 dockworkers make good on their threats (Greenhouse, 2012).The strike threat has so alarmed corporate America that of more than 100 business sorts which wrote to President Obama to urge him to intervene to push th e two sides to settle and, if need be, to invoke his emergency powers under the 1947 Taft-Hartley Act to bar a strike (Greenhouse, 2012). Eventually the strike was averted, the two sides agreed to sit down with the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service to discuss extending the long coast workers contract, during which time both negotiations and port operations would continue.Another U.S. law that supports collective bargaining is the Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959 (The Landrum- Griffin Act) deals with the alliance between a union and its members. The Landrum- Griffin creates a bill of rights for union members that guarantees all union members equal rights of participation in internal union affairs, including voting and expressing views (Budd 131). Part of the bill of rights of this act specifically mentions that all union members are entitled to receive a copy of the collective bargaining agreement. Additionally, the Landrum-Griffin Act tries to inval id corruption and racketeering in three ways. First, unions and their officer are required to disclose financial records by filing reports with the U.S. Department of Labor. Second, the Landrum-Griffin act restricts the use of union trusteeships.Third, the Landrum-Griffin Act establishes the fiduciary responsibility of union leaders (Budd 132-133). In a Wall Street Journal article titled Obama Tries to Stop Union Disclosure asserts how union membership peaked in the 1950s, when more than one-third of American workers belonged to a union. Approximately just about 7.6% of American private-sector workers belong to a union. A Rasmussen Research survey conducted in March found that 81% of nonunion members do not want to belong to a union. (WSJ, 2009). The response by union leaders and their Democratic allies to declining union membership is the Employee Free Choice Act. To increase unionization, it would deprive workers of private balloting in organizing choices, and it would substitute a signature-card process that would expose workers to coercion.The bill would also deny workers the right to ratify, or not ratify, labor contracts drafted by government arbitrators when negotiations in newly unionized workplaces exceed the bills rigid timetable (WSJ, 2009). Unfortunately, we see that instead of the democratic government abiding by the Landrum-Griffin Act, it is trying to create laws to appeal some of the current laws that protect union members from the unions or government. In the three above cases, the U.S. laws support collective bargaining, as well as protect from employer unfair practices.An unfair labor practices are defined according to our textbook as an illegal employers actions (Budd 122). The Wagner Act or the National Labor Relations Act has specific guidelines that both employees and employers must follow in order to maintain a positive work environment. At times, unfair labor practices do occur and place the workers in chaos. One of the unfair labor p ractice prohibits employers from interfering, restraining, or coercing employees who are exercising their Section 7 rights. Circulating antiunion petitions, using unnecessary surveillance to watch union activities, threatening employees with being fired, demoted, or causing physical harm, and bribing employees with wage increases are examples of Section 8(a)(1) known as the universal enforcer because it covers all employer violations of employee rights (Budd 123).The second unfair labor practice is known as Domination of a Labor Organization or Company Union Ban. Senator Wagner wanted to avoid management handling unions, preventing workers from forming legitimate, independent unions. Employers that initiate the validation of a union, provide financial support to a union, create anonunion employee representation plan, or create a labor-management committee that discusses wages and running(a) conditions with some give and take with management is in direct violation of Section 8(a)(2 ) (Budd 123-124). The third unfair labor practice deals with employers discriminating to encourage or discourage union membership. Examples include handout a union athletic supporter or someone trying to form a union, transferring a union supporter to a less desirable job or promoting an employee because of opposing a union, refusing to hire a potential employee because of past union participation or scarce closing a part of a business because of antiunion reasons are examples of Section 8(a)(3) (Budd 123-124).A good example of two unfair labor practices is in an article called 1981 Strike Leaves Legacy for American Workers (http//www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5604656), in which the author discusses how over 30 years ago, former President Ronald Reagan set a defining effect in the history of the aviation, his presidency, and labor relations by firing thousands of unionized air traffic controllers for illegally going on strike. In February 1981, new contract negot iations open between Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which employs the air-traffic controllers. Citing safety concerns, PATCO calls for a reduced 32-hour work week, a $10,000 pay increase for all air-traffic controllers and a better benefits package for retirement. Contract negotiations with the FAA stall (Schalch, 2006).Then in August 1984, strike action began with 13,000 employees walking off the job in various locations, halting operations as busy airports including Dallas, Fort Worth, Atlanta, and Chicago. At that point, then President Reagan intervened sending a warning statement that anyone not returning to work within 48 hours would be terminated. Two days later most of the striking employees were fired. They were replaced by employees not participating the protests and military air traffic controllers (Schalch, 2006). As I understand the employer unfair practices, the firing of the unionizes traffic con trollers and the hiring of new traffic controllers was a direct violation of Sections 8(a)(1) and (3), threatening employees with job loss, firing a union supporter, and promoting a union opponent to a better job.In conclusion, the three labor laws have shed some much inevitable light as to the rights of both employers and employees, not to mention has also set some much needed boundaries as to how far each side can go without treading into illegal or unfair territory. These laws must be put into place to regulate both sides equally and it also provides no confusion as to the right and wrong paths one must take when leading to collective bargaining. The examples of unfair labor practices by employers provide a clear view as to the lengths some employers will go to in an attempt to avoid or divert a union being organized. The Wagner Act has specific sections in its law that provides employers the knowledge of what is acceptable behavior and what is not.Works CitedBudd, John W. Labor Relations Striking a Balance. New York, NY McGraw-Hill, 2013. Print. Greenhouse, Steven. Dockworkers Strike Threatens to Close East Coast Ports. 26 Dec 2012. Web. 22 Apr 2014. . Schalch, Kathleen. 1981 Strike Leaves Legacy for American Workers. 2006 Aug 2006. Web. 22 Apr 2014. . Wall Street Journal (Editorial) Volkswagens Union Gamble. 12 Feb 2014. Web. 20 Apr 2014. .3. Describe the process of establishing and decertifying a collective bargaining social unit in the workplace.As discussed earlier in this research paper, the definition of collective bargaining is technically when a group of employees negotiate as a unit with their employer over pay, benefits and working conditions. Chris Langford, a strategist and organizer at the International Federation of Professional and Technical Engineers (IFPTE), (http//www.ifpte.org/news/details/Why-Collective-Bargaining-Rights-Are-Important), states that the principle stems from the idea that as a group, employees have more strength or barg aining power if they collaborate than they do if they try to negotiate with their employer individually. Because of its basis in collaboration, collective bargaining is inherently a democratic process since a majority of employees select the subjects they bargain over and vote on whether they agree to a contract (Langford, 2012).In our textbook the author, discusses how a bargaining unit is a group of several workers involved in a akin industry or occupational field that, on the determination of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), can engage in collective bargaining (Budd 199). This group also helps the union represent the other employees in the industry to handle any issues, improprieties, or unfair work ethics or practices that may come to light. To establish a bargaining unit, certain laws and doctrines must be strictly adhered to, the worker group must also have first found an organized union the deals with their specific industry. The union represents the group exclusi vely, and deals with all negotiations and discussions to further the workers causes. Once a union has been formed, the NLRB, looks at several criteria before allowing part of the worker group to be recognized as a bargaining unit.The NLRB reviews the workers mutual interests in working conditions, wages earned, training protocols, and number of hours in a work week. They also look at the management scope, the public interest factor, and the worker groups history of bargaining in the past through other associations (Budd 200). According to an article called WNBA and Players Association Sign New Collective Bargaining Agreement , the Womens National basketball game Association (WNBA) and the Womens National Basketball Players Association (WNBPA) announced that they have entered into a new eight-year collective bargaining agreement. The new collective bargaining agreement includes an additional 12th roster spot, salary cap increases and reduced revenue sharing thresholds, making it mor e likely that the players will share in league revenue growth. In the article, we can see how an established a collective bargaining unit represent its specific employees (women basketball players) to conduct collective bargaining with their employers (WNBA, 2014). So what happens if the collective bargaining unit (union) employees no longer want to be represented?To determine the wishes of the majority of the employees, the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) allows employees to call for a special election to get rid of the union as their exclusive representative. This is called a Decertification election.

In Search of the Spiritual Essay

Affirmative action was a policy set into place to even the playing field for all races, religion, gender or national origin. In his article exsanguinouss Swim in racial Preference Tim Wise gives an in depth view of racial preference of Whites versus any former(a) race. Even though affirmative action has been set into place, Whites still have the advantage to excel since they are given more opportunities and advantages simply because of their race. One of the examples that is apply by Tim Wise is the point systems that is used by the University of Michigan has set up an even though 20 additional points for minority groups even subsequently it is all totaled Whites tend to have more points than most minority groups. Just as it was stated in the article Whites have been raised believe that incessantlyything they have succeedd has been on their own, they have accomplished their goals in a system and world that has been set up for them to extend to in. Everyone would like to believe that social compare has been achieved when the reality of it, is that this should be something that we should still be maintaining to achieve.Often when you hear of glass ceiling it if referred to women not being able to achieve the same status in the blend inforce as men, that this also includes minorities too. Its a known fact that even though we now have an Afri bottom American chair there are still more White politics in office than African Americans. Discrimination is also another reason as to why Whites still have the advantage, although most good deal arent racists, there are still quite a few people that still judge people by their gender or race. Even though discrimination is illegal it is still prevalent. You would want to think in 2013 that this wasnt a possibility but it is something that this generation needs to combat if we are to move forward. White privilege refers to the rights or immunities granted to people as a particular benefit or favor simply because the y are White. W.E.B. DuBois observed labor workers, instead of wanting fair work conditions for all laborers, White workers accepted the public and psychological take of Whiteness. I would like to believe that no all of the White workers believed in that, but it could be possible that they were scared to lose their job if they spoke up.White privileges aresomething that White people may take for granted because they might not even notice that it exists. White privileges are can help them achieve goal and obtain more than most minority groups since this isnt something that minority groups have. Racial profile is also something that would give Whites an advantage of minority groups. Racial profiling is supposed to be illegal but there are many cases that show that it is still happening in the United States. We have seen a dope of racial profiling since the events of 9/11 but African Americans have been racially profiled way before that event happened. I personally have been a victim of racial profiling and was pulled over for no apparent reason other than the fact that I was African American. Although I agree that the nations security is very important I dont agree on signaling certain people out just because of their race. This is something that Whites would rarely if ever have to deal with.As I stated before, although the world has advanced greatly since the times of slavery, it still hasnt changed enough where minority groups can achieve and maintain the status of Whites. I would hope that as the world continues to progress that this is something that can change so that other minority groups can achieve their goals and we can establish some type of social equality and everyone can be viewed as equal instead of being judged by their race or gender. I would hope that in the future this is something that my multiracial children wouldnt have to worry about or deal with. We constantly tell our children that through hard work and dedication they can achieve whatev er they put their minds too and I hope that somebody that statement will be true.ReferencesWise, Tim 2003. Whites Swim in Racial Preference.Schaefer, Richard 13th Edition Sociology

College Success Formula & 25% OFF Dissertation Writing †Only 10 DAYS Left

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Macbeth and the Jacobean Scot

In Macbeth, the Jacobean Scot, and the Politics of the articulation, Sharon Alker and Holly Faith Nelson demonstrate a well-informed survey of the social intercourse between the thought process of the Jacobian Scot and its arguable relation, or lack thereof, to William Shakespeares Elizabethan play, Macbeth. Though umpteen scholars find it easy to draw a connection between the conventional Jacobian Scot that was typically presented in Elizabethan plays during the Jacobian era, Alker and Nelson seek to highlight the ambiguous nature of the play by demonstrating the various ways in which it can be contemplate and/or interpreted.Not only this, plainly Alker and Nelson also manage to shed light on the at odds(p) aspects of Macbeth in relation to its connection with Jacobean ideas and portrayals of Scots at the time. At the time that Shakespeares play, Macbeth, is thought to have been performed in 1606, a huge change was fashioning its way across what we now refer to as Great Br itain. During this time, the former king of Scotland, James VI, became the king of England as a result of the Union of Crowns, following the death of his cousin, Queen Elizabeth I of England.This union caused much friction between Scotland and England, as many English felt imposed upon and thought the sparing to be inferior and somewhat barbaric in their ways. Due to the attitudes of many English people towards the Scottish during the Elizabethan era, the Scottish were most often characterized as people who were opposed to what was thought to be legitimate authority by the English, along with being represented as lesser than and in need of mastery to the English.The typical stage Scot was often depicted as dualistic, lacking in loyalty, and intrusive of others property in their relentless ambitions for power. However, there were lead different inspects regarding the union of England and Scotland. One English view thought that English systems and such(prenominal) should be most pr evalent across Britain, while another view (mainly called for by Scots) looked to equality by maintaining political and religious institutions separately. The third view, held mostly by those who supported King James, sought for a unity in the police wagon and minds of the two peoples. Due to the fact that Macbeth is thought to have been performed in the time between the proposal of these 3 policies and the actual implementation of any new policies, many critics believe that the play is a direct representation of English views of the Jacobian Scot. In separate to this idea, Alker and Nelson would like to demonstrate that Shakespeares Macbeth does not present a circumstance position on the Anglo-Scottish politics that defines itself in relation to the belief system of one small political body.Instead, Alker and Nelson did a more flexible construe of the play that consisted of possible relations to any of the three models of the union. First of all, Alker and Nelson bring the char acter of Macbeth into consideration, as he is not only the main character of the play, but also natively Scottish. Although Macbeth does seem to maintain all the traditional characteristics of a Jacobian Scot disloyal, subordinate, and barbaric, Alker and Nelson point out the characteristics of Macbeth that stand in complete contrast to this traditional model.To begin with, the traditional stage Scot would never possess noble values such as loyalty, kinship, and hospitality. However, in Shakespeares play the Scottish character of Macbeth, though troubled and duplicitous, is read to possess such qualities somewhere in the make-up of his conscious. This is apparent in Macbeths back-and-forth notions of whether or not to kill the king and gain power or preserve his loyalty to the king and maintain his integrity as one of Duncans kin.Although Macbeth ultimately proves to allow evil and selfishness to rule his decisions, the agonizing consideration of pay and wrong that Macbeth struggle s through prior to shooting Duncan shows that Macbeth is not simply a barbaric creature driven solely by greed and desire. Rather, Macbeth is seen working through his conflicting desire for power and his code of honor and sense of respect for the king. The typical stage Scot normally would not embody such qualities as guilt and/or remorse.Also, there is a hint that Macbeth may not fully understand his own desires and actions, as he was not initially driven by the idea of power when the witches first prophesized his coming kinghood. Instead, it was Banquo who first displayed excitement and anxiousness at the witches prophecy and spurred later excitement and ambition in Macbeth. Along with Banquo, Lady Macbeth is portrayed to having been more ambitious towards ideas of power and kingship than Macbeth originally was.This aspect of the play hints at the fact that Macbeth was aided, or led to his violent ways, rather than singularly contriving an evil murder plan against the king. The t raditional portrayal of the stage Scot would be that of stubborn, insistent, uncivilized, and unconcerned with duties or issues of loyalty. In the case of Macbeth, he was more or less guided into such characteristics as he was governed by his wifes unrelenting desire for power in order to first summon up such murderous notions and ideas.The typical stage Scot would have possessed these qualities initially, without the need of any sort of encouragement. In conclusion, the character of Macbeth in Shakespeares play, Macbeth, as Alker and Nelson would argue, stand in contrast to the role of the typical Jacobian Scot that was predominately presented in Elizabethan plays. Though Macbeth ultimately possessed many of the characteristics that the traditional Jacobian Scot would possess, he also held many contradictory characteristics.Where Scots were typically portrayed as immoral and barbaric, lacking any sense of guilt and/or consideration for others, Macbeth is portrayed as a less-stubbo rn, remorseful character that is alter with anxiety and logical dualism over any sort of misdeed or wrong doing he considers. Therefore, although Macbeth may be read as a nefarious and selfish character driven by greed and other characteristics thought to have been attributed to Scottishness, he can also be read as a regretful and conscious-stricken man whose inner-turmoil is the result of conflicting instincts of morality and of power.

John Steinbeck’s “The pearl” Essay

John Steinbecks The Pearl is a tale of a poor Indian family who stumbles upon the greatest off-white in the world. Headed by a man named kino and his supporting wife Juana, they both are determined to live a wealthy life no matter what the cost. Although the story is fictional, it is based on the unpleasant truths of life as we know it. Steinbeck reveals an array of irony similar no other Starting with Kino finding the pearl of the world, the pearl buyers not to buy the magnificent pearl, and ending with the evil that the pearl brought upon the characters.Kino and Juana woke on a gloomy morning later on a tragic accident where their baby, Coyotito, was slashed by a deadly scorpion and left to die. With hope of being able to pay for medication, Kino and Juana coasted out to sea to rummage around for their prize. Things were very uncertain on this dark and foggy day and their eyes were sure to be playing countless tricks on them. compensate though Kino was an expert at his trade, pulling an ordinary clam into his canoe and prying it open to find the furthermost perfect pearl in the world was an incredibly ironic factor especially due to the misgivings of Mother Nature. The great pearl, perfect as the moon (19).Kino went on a draft voyage to sell the pearl to the local pearl buyers to achieve his dreams of a better life for him and his family. When he got to the main part of town and met up with apiece pearl buyer he was shocked to hear that the pearl buyers were not as greatly awed by the pearl the same way everyone else was. At first Kino and Juana accepted what the pearl buyers said and they sadly realized the flimsiness of their dreams. Kino wanted Juana and him to be married in a church service building (24). Kino wanted a new harpoon and rifle. Kino imagined Coyotito going to school to read and open the books (26). The pearl was the path to his dreams. But instead of remarkable possessions and wonderful opportunity coming from it, it had perniciou s reactions.The pearl brought evil over all the characters of the story. They were very wicked in the attempt to get what they wanted. The doctor is envisioned as unsympathetic and heartless. He does not care about the welfare of anyone just himself. He pretends to cure Coyotitos scorpion bite and tries toconvince Kino that maybe he should give the pearl to him for safe keeping. The pearl also overcomes the priest of the church. The priest is not concerned with representing God. He was only lusting after repairs necessary for the church (21). He had the nerve to go to Kino and Juana in the village to remind them of the needs of the church and to convince them to have a wedding.Kino is not just a prime example of a good person himself. His greed for the pearl drove him to hit Juana and even kill a man. Kino did heretofore learn his lesson at the end. It seems that the only person that remained pure throughout the whole novel was Juana. She never let the pearl take over her life l ike it did the other characters. She knew that the pearl was bringing evil to their family all along but couldnt do anything about it. The pearl was perfect on the outside but the inside was manifested with great evil.Kino and Juana triumphed past the uncertainties of the dark and gloomy day to find the greatest pearl ever and their dreams were crushed when they discovered that the pearl buyers werent going to buy the pearl from them. The perfect pearl brought evil upon Kino and Juana. As you can see, Steinbeck shows us many ironic trials and hardship that are pivotal for contouring Kino and Juana into wiser individuals.

Genetically Modified Foods: Helpful or Harmful? Essay

Genetic in ally modified (GM) feeds have been around for thousands of years. In the 1990s, they started being sold commercially in the United States, which was the start of this controversy Are GM solid foods good or bad for us? Do the pros outweigh the cons? In my opinion, genetically modified foods are nothing to worry about. GM foods are produced from genetic engineering. Scientists plight a certain gene from an organism that is desired and put it into another organism.For example, scientists might take a drought resistant gene from a plant and insert it into a harvest-feast, so that crop will not die during a period of low rainfall. There are various slipway to add in these desired genes, much(prenominal) as crossbreeding, which has been using upd since the beginning of agriculture, bacterial transfer of desoxyribonucleic acid into a cell, and a newer method of shooting DNA particles into a cell with particle gun, developed by Cornell University (Freedman, 83). There are numerous advantages of genetically modified foods. Crops notify become impervious to insects.According to Whitman, Consumers do not wish to eat food that has been treated with pesticides because of potential health hazards, and run-off of agricultural wastes from excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers can poison the water supply and cause harm to the environment. Making the crops pest resistant look ats more than throng want to buy them and is safer on the environment. Since farmers can use slight pesticide, the cost of the food decreases and less race go hungry. It has raised the output of corn, cotton and soy by 20 to 30 percent, allowing some(a) people to survive who would not have without it (Freedman, 82). Another advantage is adding vitamins and minerals to foods that lack them. Foods become more nutritious. For example, Malnutrition is communal in third world countries where impoverished peoples rely on a single crop such as rice for the main staple of their diet . However, rice does not contain adequate amounts of all required nutrients to prevent malnutrition. If rice could be genetically engineered to contain additional vitamins and minerals, nutrient deficiencies could be alleviated (Whitman). LaPensee in addition agrees Genetic manipulation could increase agricultural yields in developing countries with the development of more sustainable crops. For example, disease- and pest-resistant fruits and vegetables with high nutritional value (e. g. , more iron, vitamin A, and protein) could improve the health of people in developing regions where the imbalanced autochthonic diet is overly dependent on grains such as rice and corn. This can decrease ache and sickness world-wide. On the contrary, GM foods do have some disadvantages. When you modify plants and animals genetically, biodiversity decreases.Homogeneity may make crops more susceptible to disease. Thus, the present uncertainty about the cumulative effects in ecosystems or the foo d chain is making consumers wary (Hoyle and Lerner). With a decrease in biodiversity, all crops that are genetically similar are more susceptible to die during a natural disaster. Also, scientists do not know all of the effects of these GM foods on our health. For a variety of reasons, not all scientifically based, some people argue that transgenic food is a consumer safety issue because not all of the effects of transgenic foods have been to the full explored (Transgenics). GM foods should definitely be labeled. People have a right to know whether or not their foods have been genetically modified. Businesses argue that it would cost more for the consumer if their was a label, but the demand for transparency is tall(a) to go away so, for crying out loud, just label it (OBrian). Genetically engineered foods are very helpful. They can be more nutritious and better for the environment. These modifications help people all over the world, especially people dependent on certain crops . There are some criticisms, but the good outweighs the bad.GM foods should all be labelled, because people need to know what is in their food. Biblography Freedman, David H.. Are Engineered Foods Evil?. Scientific American 1 Sept. 2013 80-85. Print. Hoyle, Brian, and K. lee side Lerner. Genetically Modified Foods and Organisms. The Gale Encyclopedia of Science. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth Lerner. 4th ed.Vol. 3. Detroit Gale, 2008. 1900-1902. Gale Virtual theatrical role Library. Web. 11 may 2014. LaPensee, Kenneth T. Biotechnology and the Manipulation of Genes. Scientific Thought In Context. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth Lerner.Vol. 1. Detroit Gale, 2009. 532-536. In Context Series. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 11 May 2014. OBrian, Mark R.. Dont fear GMOs Genetically modified food is just the latest chapter in 10,000 years of high-tech agriculture. The Buffalo News 6 Apr. 2014 1. Print. Transgenics. The Gale Encyclopedia of Science. Ed. K. Lee Lerner and Brenda Wilmoth Lerner. 4th ed. Vol. 6. Detroit Gale, 2008. 4414-4416. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 11 May 2014. Whitman, Deborah B.. Genetically Modified Foods Harmful or facilitative?. . N. p. , 1 Apr. 2000. Web. 11 May 2014.

Research Paper on Renewable Energy Essay

Research PaperIn March 2011, a 9.1 magnitude earthquake hit the pacific coast of Japan, generating up to 133ft t entirely tsunami waves, which obliterate e precisething up to 6 mi. inland. According to the NPA ( depicted object Police Agency) of Japan, 24, 656 people were touched by this catastrophe, which include the deceased, injured, and missing. The tsunami also affected three of the six atomic reactors of the Fukushima Nuclear advocator Plant causing leakage of radioactive material. many workers and even civilians worked hard to contain the harmful material for it to stop contamination in other atomic number 18as, scarce it already spread. A The Associated Press news writer states, The massive amount of radioactive pee is among the beneficial about pressing issues affecting the cleanup process, which is expected to take decades. thither have been other leaks of contaminated water at the plant, and some of it is entering the sea. Today, the radioactive material has spread out and covered almost all of the Pacific Ocean, harming wild life and contaminating our food. Why do governments and corporations make and allow this technology to be consumptiond if it tin contaminate our humanness and us? There are better and to a greater extent practiced sources for renewable energy other than nuclear federal agency.Technology has advanced tremendously in the past atomic number 6 years. We have created massive destruction weapons, medical equipment, electronics, Internet, etc. I would consider renewable energy sources to make up into this list. round renewable energy sources would be solar power, wind power, hydroelectricity, and nuclear power. There has been much line of reasoning between whether nuclear power should be considered a renewable energy source or not. Some people argue it shouldnt since it produces harmful waste byproducts and relies on extractive industries to procure fuel like uranium (Kanter). Unlike nuclear power, other renewable en ergy sources, such as hydroelectricity, taket glitter harmful material to our environment. Then thither are others who argue it should be considered a renewable resource. modern York Times journalist indicates, pro-nuclear officials from countries including France have been trying to brand the technology as renewable, on the grounds that it produces smaller or no greenhouse gases (Kanter). I personally do not consider nuclear power a renewable resource.The use of both nuclear and renewableenergy has expanded largely compared to what it was 50 years ago. Most countries like USA, France, and Russia use nuclear power to produce most of their electricity. Countries like Norway, Iceland, and Paraguay for the most part use renewable energy sources to produce their electricity and they notice the great impact this technology does towards the simplification of CO2 in our atmosphere. 90% of Paraguays electricity is provided from the Itaipu dam. The dam removes 67.5 million tons of CO2 a year. Icelands electricity supply is 100% renewable energy and its sources are both geothermal and hydropower. There is so much geothermal capacity that there is discussion about whether or not an interconnector can be built into the UK grid. Norways top three sources of electricity are hydroelectric, geothermal, and wind sources. Norway serves the export mart by selling their renewable energy to other countries since they only use 24% of 98% generating capacity. These are countries that are making a change in the environment. Solar power is organism used very much today.Most of the housed in LA, California have some sort of solar panel. Houses are acquire their own little renewable energy machine that saves the household money each month, since most dont even pay electrical bills from excessive energy. When I found out about this, I told my stepfather we should research on getting solar panels for our house. The cost for solar panels varies from 3,000 5,000 for 12 panels. The c ost of the panels plus the inductance would be too much for most people thats why solar paneled houses are rarely seen. Trying to be eco-friendly isnt cheap. People are recently realizing that we have been getting our major planet contaminated all these years and that we have to do something about it now. Flyers, ads, and people are telling us we need to stop littering and recycle to clean and care for our planet.Those things do help, but I think there are worse things our planet is being exposed to than just trash. Nuclear power plants, that we created, are being used for energy all over the world and we are not thinking about the repercussions they superpower bring. We are gambling with our sensitive planet and our lives. What if something like Fukushima happens again, and even worse, what if it happens like in Chernobyl? Do we as the human race want to take that chance? What could this do to our health? The author of Nuclear Power is Not the Answer states, no dose of radiation is safe, and all radiation is cumulative. Each dose authorized adds to the risk of developingcancer or mutating genes in the reproductive cells (Caldicott, 44). Caldicott also thinks, 80% of cancers that we see are caused by environmental factors, whereas only 20% are inherited (Caldicott, 44).All governments and all corporations around the world need to countersink a stop to harmful material being created and exposed. It needs to be stop not only for our plant, but also for our lives and health. We will destroy our planet if we keep creating things like nuclear power plants. Are we going to wait for an earthquake, hurricane, or even terrorist attack to happen for us to induce the negative effect nuclear power can cause? Some countries realize this and that is why they use 100% renewable energy from non-toxic sources and machinery like hydroelectricity, wind power, and solar power. Those harmful chemicals dont just hurt our planet, but they hurt our health as well. We need to rea lize what we are doing wrong and put a stop to it, before its too late for everything. There are better and more beneficial sources for renewable energy other than nuclear power.Works CitedDamage Situation and Police Countermeasures associated with 2011 Tohoku district. Chart. National Police Agency of Japan. Emergency Disaster Countermeasures Headquarters, 2014. Web. 10 Apr. 2014. Japan Nuclear Plant Suffers Worst hot Water Leak. The Associated Press (2013). CBC. Web. 10 Apr. 2014. Kanter, James. Is Nuclear Power Renewable? New York Times. New York Times, 9 Nov. 2003. Web. 10 Apr. 2014Caldicott, Helen. Nuclear Power is Not the Answer. Melbourne The New Press, 2006. Print.

Cultural and Ethical Issue of Globalization

Cross-Cultural Perspective The Cultural and Ethical Issue of Globalization Many American companies that argon outsourcing jobs to other countries create a caper in the economy of the Unites States and also creates a cultural effect in a global scale. To this day, The united States had lost millions of manufacturing jobs comp bed to two decades ago (Heffner, 2012). Americans can no longer compete to international manufacturers, which put the linked States economy in doom.There are many factors regard as to why American companies decides to do its manufacturing occupancy international of the United States. The most obvious ground is the follow of labor. International proceeds from third world countries cost way little than wages in the United States. For workout, manufacturers in China get paid 33 cents an hour (Heffner, 2012). As a company, the cost of doing business outside of the Unites States is way cheaper than hiring workers in the United States, which would cost more (prenominal) than 20 folds.In addition to wages, outsourcing jobs outside of the United States would also save companies cost for payroll taxes, benefits, and dealing with unions that are common in The United States. moreover, doing business outside the United States increases a companys capital because the cost of labor wages and manufacturing are less, yet the sales remain the homogeneous. The cost of real estate and plant cost is less than in the United States. Companies dont have to worry about maintenance, property taxes, insurance, and cost for trading operations (Samuels, 2013).Although there are standards created by the International Labor Organizations when it comes to doing business in other countries, there are still a few(prenominal)er regulations set forth in other countries compared to regulations that are mandatory in doing business in the United States (Samuels, 2013). Companies will need to follow set rules and regulations in the United States, which means more paperwork, more taxes, worrying about workers rights, providing benefits to workers, paid time offs, vacations, etc.More regulations means more cost and companies will definitely outsource jobs outside of the United States if it means saving them millions of dollars in cost. Another effects of outsourcing jobs outside of the United States are the cultural changes that are accompanied by doing business in other countries. It is no dubiety that economy of third world countries are growing due to international trade that most strange company brings in. But global business can change the way people live in a country. The ways of living are affected and so as the native language of the country.For example, The Philippines is considered oneness of the poorest countries in the world (The Poorest Countries in the World, 2013) and just a decade ago there were very few foreign countries that do businesses in the Philippines. Now, there are so many American companies like, IBM, Cisco, Tele Tech, and Sprint that outsourced jobs to the Philippines. Again, it is easily for the growing economy of the Philippines, but at the same time it creates a culture shock in the country. It is now mandatory to take English courses in the Philippines, and most people are now sermon English language.Long-term effect could be a decline in the native cultures in the Philippines. One example of ethical problems that arises in global business can be seen in the case of the company Nike. More than a decade ago Nike was involved in a scandal that the company allegedly pick up children in its workforce in Pakistan, but later it was concluded that it was indeed the truth. Children made the soccer balls that were construct in Pakistan by Nike Corporation. It was known that the children were paid 66 cents to spend all day stitching the soccer balls.Although there were laws in Pakistan about child labor, it was not fully enforced in the country (Azam, 1999). The problem was that records of birth were nearly impossible to obtain in countries like Pakistan. Therefore, there are now records retentiveness of how old the workers were. The country is not like the United States was every born child is listed in a database. Nike Corporation admitted the allegations and apologized for employing workers that in the United States would be considered under aged workers (Boggan, 2001) .The company pledged not to hire under aged workers, Nike said it would raise the nominal age for hiring workers at shoe factories to 18 and the minimum age for hiring workers at other plants to 16, in countries where it is common for 14-year-olds to hold such jobs. It will not require the dismissal of underage workers already in place (Cushman, 1998). The company also pledging to allow outsiders from labor and gentlemans gentleman rights groups to join the independent auditors who inspect the factories in Asia, nterviewing workers and assessing working conditions (Cushman, 1998). Companies like N ike needs to consider the ethical responsibilities that is part of doing business in other countries. Not just because the country, like Pakistan, has laws that were not enforced properly in the country, it does not give any company the right to stray from the ethical responsibilities of companies to their employees. They should treat workers of other countries the same way that they would do if they were to employ workers in the United States.When companies do business with other countries they essential be aware of the cultural and ethical perspective that can arise in doing such businesses. There are many factors that influence the companies decision on outsourcing jobs, but the social responsibility of a company must(prenominal) be equal across the board. It doesnt mean that wages, benefits, or other factors will be the same for worker in the United States and in other countries, but the level of commitment to workers, respect, and treatment must be adherence to the ethical r esponsibilities of companies to their worker. References Azam, F. (1999, June). NIKE Nike Shoes and Child Labor in Pakistan. Retrieved from http//www1. american. edu/ted/nike. htm Boggan, S. (2001, October 20). We Blew It Nike Admits to Mistakes Over Child Labor. Retrieved from http//www. commondreams. org/headlines01/1020-01. htm Cushman, J. (1998, whitethorn 13). INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Nike Pledges to End Child Labor And Apply U. S. Rules Abroad. Retrieved from http//www. nytimes. om/1998/05/13/business/international-business-nike-pledges-to-end-child-labor-and-apply-us-rules-abroad. html Heffner, T. (2012, may 15). American Manufacturing Can No Longer Compete. Retrieved from httphttp//economyincrisis. org/content/american-manufacturing-can-no-longer-compete Samuels, D. (2013). Pros & Cons of Outsourcing Manufacturing Jobs. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness. chron. com/pros-amp-cons-outsourcing-manufacturing-jobs-40320. html The Poorest Countries in the World. (2013). Retrieved from